Remembering our fallen heros

Fellow Gambians, yet again we today commemorate the brutal massacre of over a dozen Gambian school children. These innocent school children were brutally murdered on April 10 and 11 2000 by Gambian security forces, who have sworn to protect them.

Our heart continues to bleed and our eyes continues to shed tears anytime we think of the brutal manner in which their souls departed this world. These young men were not criminals or rebels. They decent Gambians like you and me, who where only protesting against crimes committed against their colleagues; Ebrima Barry and a Brikamaba school girl.

The demands on the basis of which the students went out to demonstrate eight years ago, merely constituted a request for justice. April 10 and 11, 2000 were indeed days during which Gambian students took to the streets to protest against rape and murder, with a clear call for justice to be done. Rape and murder are not only repugnant in the eyes of all faiths, but laws in all civilised jurisdictions prescribe stringent punitive measures against them. Similarly, all our national cultures in the Gambia denounce them in the strongest possible terms. As a result, one should easily understand the reasoning which led to the decision to peacefully demonstrate against these heinous crimes against the two students.

Any mature political leadership would be ashamed of the manner in which the security officers reacted to the demonstration. It was an act of brutality that has no place in any civilise society. Murder was foreign to the Gambia, a country where people almost know each other.

Several security officers including Ousman Badjie, former secretary of state for the Interior were indicted for the gruesome murder of this youths and despite recommendation of the commission of inquiry that was set up to look into the disturbances, the government of Yahya Jammeh still refuses to prosecute them. The government instead indemnified all the murderers from any criminal prosecution for their role in the killing of these children. Some of those blamed for the murder have since been rewarded with high government positions.

In other words, the Jammeh regime is saying that all these children who never had the chance to say good bye to the parents deserved to die in that brutal manner. It is prudent, perhaps, to remind ourselves that the use of live ammunition and overwhelming force on children can never be justified nor simply swept under the carpet. By failing to prosecute those responsible, the government woefully failed to uphold the rights of the Gambian citizen.

As Gambians, it is time we continue to put pressure on the Jammeh regime to prosecute all those who were indicted by the commission of inquiry. Our land has been defiled with the blood of young innocent children and it is our responsibility to ensure these children and their families get the justice they deserve. It is still not too late. Never.

As we commemorate eight years since the following departed this world, we pray that Allah subhana watalah blessed their souls in heaven.
Rest in peace our heroes, you will always be in our hearts.
Calisco Preira
Burama Badjie
Karamo Barrow
Reginald Carrol
Omar Barrow
Wuyeh Massally
Momodou Chune
Lamin .A. Bojang
Ouman Sabally
Bamba Jobarteh
Abdoulie Sajaw
Bakary Njie
Unidentified victim
Sainey Nyabally
Ousman Sembene

Its lunacy

Again, President Yahya Jammeh has used his political bureau (National Assembly) to pass two obnoxious bills into law.

I have said it over and over again that the Gambian National Assembly is an unfit for purpose institution, which is only there to serve and strengthen the brutal regime of Dictator Yahya Jammeh. And the enactment earlier this week of the National Security Agencies Bill and the amendment of the Official Secrets Act exposes their immaturity and above all lack of respect to the Gambian people.

What these APRC National Assembly Members are doing is criminal. And I will even go further to call it a crime against humanity. While many countries in the sub-region are making significant improvement on democracy and good governance, we in the Gambia are taking ten steps in the opposite direction.

The Gambian people are being strip off their rights and freedoms by an institution like the National Assembly, which is expected to defend their rights and interest.

But again what do you expect from an institution that is dominated by a bunch of secondary four graduates, who cannot even distinguish between Jammeh's interest and national interest. They blindly pass into law any bill drafted by the executive without even reading its contents. For these half-witted politicians, whatever the executive or Jammeh does is good for the Gambia. Ndeysan that is total lunacy.

The amendment of the National Security Agencies Bill, establishing the National Security Agencies comprising the Military, Police, the Criminal Intelligence Agency, Military Intelligence Agency and Special Services Agency in addition to the National Intelligence Agency is very disheartening. This is another lunacy and I completely disagree with Vice President Njie-Saidy's justification that it is meant to strengthen the Gambia’s national security against military and other related threats.

The Gambia is not under any threat from any country or people.The enactment of this bill exposes how paranoid Jammeh is. Why should millions of tax payers' money be wasted into creating another intelligence agencies when their is no real threat? That money could be better spend in equipping our schools that are currently producing very, very poor examination results with education materials, buy ambulances for health centres, provide more mobility to the police, provide fertiliser to farmers among others.

I totally agree with Sidia Jatta when he said: "the real threat facing the country is poverty of the people. The money that should have gone into supplementing efforts into alleviating poverty in the country is going to be pumped into creating four new intelligence agencies in addition to the National Intelligence Agency."

This new intelligence agencies would instead of making the Gambia safer, be used to terrorised opponents and critics of the regime. This is exactly what Robert Mugabe did in Zimbabwe. Jammeh is trying to transform the country into a police state. He is trying to set up a Big Brother system to watch on the movement and activities of Gambians especially his critics and opponents.

Already in the Gambia, people's phone lines are being tapped without any court orders, people cannot talk freely in the street without looking around to see who is listening. People cannot even moan about the high prices of commodity goods simply because they are being watch by men in plainclothes. All this madness is being done in the name of national security.

NIA officers are at work places, newspapers (both government and private) and even schools. Why should our taxes be wasted in funding more intelligence officers and units when the lives and properties of Gambians are not safe from the men in black who operate in the cover of darkness? Ndeysan, its another lunacy of the regime.

Again, Sidia Jatta was right when he seems to question the competences of our intelligence officers. Since 1994, many Gambians and non-Gambians have mysterious disappeared from their homes and murdered and their perpetrators have never been arrested not to talk of apearing in court despite the existence of the mighty NIA, CID among others.

If Jammeh is indeed serious about making the Gambia safer, he should first start by making the lives of the Gambian people especially that of his critics and opponents safer. For they are not criminals but patriotic Gambians who are only interested in the development of the country.

With regard to the Official Secrets Act, how the heck could Members of the National Assembly justify the amendment of that colonial Act which was first enacted way back in 1922 to protect the interest of our colonial masters, who were not even elected into office by the Gambian people?

The increment of the penalty for the disclosure of official documents and information is only mend to keep Gambians in the dark about the malpractices of the Jammeh regime.

Remember that this a very corrupt regime that has a reputation of lying and burying things under the carpet. It has repeatedly done things and committed gross malpractices which the Gambian people would never have known if some patriotic civil servants have not leaked to the public.

In this 21st Century, the Gambian people were hoping that the Jammeh regime would borrow a leaf from other countries in the sub -region. And rather than tightening the tight lid on information, and threatening long prison sentences and fines on civil servants, the National Assembly should have pressurised the government to be accountable to the people.

Why should it be difficult to speak to a secretary of state or permanent secretary about issues pertaining to their ministries? Why is President Jammeh continuing to treat Gambians like mugs by refusing to hold monthly press conferences, which would keep the public abreast on the way their affairs are being conducted by their representatives?

The only time you see the president, secretaries of state and government officials speaking on TV or radio is when they have ear-pleasing thing to say. The public has to rely on the Radio Kangkang who normally give confusing stories when unpleasant things happens in a government department or State House. Why should that be the case.

Two journalists spoke about the massacre

As part of commemorations marking the eighth anniversary of the massacre of over a dozen school children in the Gambia by security forces, we hereby published chilling testimonities of two journalists, Sheikh Ndow and Surahata Danso. Both journalists who were working for Foroyaa Newspaper at the time are the only two media practitioners who witnessesed the killings and were bold enough to testify at the coroner's inquest.

Sheikh Ndow

Coroner: What are your names?
Ans: Sheikh Ndow.
Coroner: Where do you live?
Mr Ndow: I live in Manjai.
Coroner: What is your occupation?
Mr Ndow: I am a journalist working with the FOROYAA Newspaper.
Coroner: For how long have you been with this medium?
Mr Ndow: Since 1987.
Coroner: What is your testimony on events relating to 10 April 2000?

Mr Ndow: Around 9 a.m., I was at home when I heard gun shots. I was curious to know what was going on. As a journalist I went out in search of information. When I went to the Manjai and Latrkunda/Dippakunda Junction, I noticed a group of people who were highly agitated. When I asked I was told that the students were on demonstration. So I decided to follow the crowd. As I moved about 50 metres towards Latrikunda, I noticed a group of people coming from Dippakunda end towards Latrikunda calling the students to wait for them. The students alerted each other and they stopped. Among this group I recognised the Secretary of State for the Interior [Ousman Badjie]; the Armed Forces Chief of Staff [Babucarr Jatta], one Mr Sarr who introduced himself as the chairman of the parents/teachers association in Banjul and about three soldiers including a female soldier.

When the students stopped, Mr Sarr introduced himself and then told students that the Secretary of State wanted to talk to them. When the SoS started speaking he said that the students should first of all have requested for a permit for the demonstration but which they did not get. He asserted to them that the demonstration was unlawful; that they should just disperse and go home; that everything was now over. Once he said this, stones started raining on him; and himself, Mr Sarr and the woman soldier all ran for safety. The Armed Forces Chief of Staff took cover under a verandah where he started
appealing to the students to reason out with him. The students insisted that they wanted to him to go with them to the GTTI to have a discussion to resolve the problem.

On the way, as we moved towards Cedar Club, some students started throwing stones towards the direction of the Chief of Staff. In one incident, one of his orderlies sustained a serious injury on the head caused by the throwing of stones. He then agreed to go with them to talk to the paramilitary to withdraw. We went up to Cedar Club and took Kairaba Avenue heading towards Kanifing. We went up to the Serrekunda Post Office Junction where we found an army truck standing and there was a young man in handcuff sitting at the back of the truck.

The Armed Forces Chief of Staff ordered for the immediate release of the young man, The students then became very happy and started chanting 'Jatta' 'Jatta' as a sign of their happiness. As a result of this, when some students started throwing stones at the GAMTEL and GRTS and the Armed Forces Chief of Staff appealed to them they stopped. And at this point some of the students decided to hold hands together round him in order to provide human shield for him.

We then moved up to the street near St. Therese's Junior Secondary School and then turned left into Kanifing South and out again at the Red Cross Cafe junction which took us to the Banjul/Serrekunda Highway towards the paramilitary base. As we approached the paramilitary base, I noticed about more than a dozen paramilitary personnel lined up the road near the Mobile Traffic Unit Office. They were armed. Students became more agitated and continued chanting 'We don't need any paramilitary. We need peace and justice'. Then between 10 and 15 metres away from the paramilitary line up, one KMC vehicle coming from the blue swerved infront of the crowd and a soldier from inside alighted. There were also about two or three ladies who were not properly dressed inside the vehicle. The women chanted 'We want peace'. The vehicle then disappeared with the women.

At this moment, I noticed that two stones were thrown infront from the back and all of a sudden the paramilitary opened fire and started shooting at random. Then everybody decided to run and the Chief of Staff continued towards the paramilitary base. I then decided to move further down on the road and stood near a tree between CFAO and Gambega. I then saw two young people, a young man in blue trousers and a young woman on the right side of the road towards Banjul. I also saw another young person lying down on the ground around ICEMAN. The young man in blue trousers tried to jerk his head once, twice and then fell down motionless. I decided to move further to the Red Cross as they were then moving towards that direction and continued firing. As the students ran for safety some tried to get into Gambega but the gates were closed and they then proceeded to the Red Cross Headquarters. I decided to move towards the Old GPMB and took cover under a tree there.

Firing by the security forces continued and I saw one security officer continuously shooting. From there I could realise that shots were going into the Red Cross. So after about 20 minutes of shooting when they retreated, I went to the Red Cross and there I met other reporters. I was able to confirm that one Red Cross Volunteer [Omar Barrow] was shot and was seen lying there. From the Red Cross I went straight to the Westfield Junction where looting was taking place. From there I went to our Information Bureau to file in a report.

Coroner: You said that you saw about a dozen paramilitary officers lining the road?
Mr Ndow: Yes, they were definitely more than a dozen.
Coroner: How do you know that the one who alighted from the vehicle was a soldier?
Mr Ndow: He was in camouflage uniform which I believe is worn by soldiers.
Coroner; Did the soldier who came down from the vehicle fire any shots?
Mr Ndow: I am not really sure about that.
Coroner: You said the paramilitary were lining which road?
Mr Ndow: They lined the smaller road on the right side towards Banjul near the Mobile Traffic Unit.
Coroner: Did you notice what types of arms were being used?
Mr Ndow: They are guns likely to be AK47s.
Coroner: Did you notice any group from other branches of the security forces?
Mr Ndow: No, I only saw the paramilitary officers.
Coroner: But after the throwing of stones you saw shooting?
Mr Ndow: Yes.
Coroner: You saw a young man in blue trousers attempting to raise his head, who
later become motionless?
Mr Ndow: Yes, he was in blue uniform.
Coroner: Did you see the paramilitary with any other gears other than guns?
Mr Ndow: Apart from helmets and guns, I did not see them with any other gears.

Cross examination by Abdoulie Bojang.
Mr Bojang: The first victim in blue trousers you saw who died, is my son. Whilst following the crowd, did you observe any guns with the students?
Mr Ndow: None of the students was armed.
Cross examination by Benjamin Carrol (father of one of the deceased)
Mr Carrol: Mr Ndow you mentioned seeing two people fell down when shooting started; and that you saw one of them raising his head twice. Can you tell me whether it was possible for anyone to have rendered any kind of help to the victims at that time? Not necessarily you but anybody?
Mr Ndow: Well, at the time there was intense and random shooting by the security forces and that any attempt to help those shot at could have been perilous to that individual giving assistance.
Coroner: Thank you for the testimony Mr Ndow.

Surahata Danso

Coroner: What are your names?
Ans: Surahata Danso.
Coroner: Where do you live?
Surahata: Fajikunda.
Coroner: What do you do?
Surahata: I am a journalist with FOROYAA newspaper.
Coroner: What do you have to tell the court relating to the events of 10 April 2000?

Surahata: On 10 April 2000 at about 8 a.m. while I was at the FOROYAA Information Bureau at Churchill's Town there was a telephone call from someone informing us that the students were being brutalised at the GTTI by the security forces. I was then assigned to go out to see what was happening. When I went to the junction near the Shell Filling Station at Churchill's Town I saw people running from the Westfield end. I then ran towards that end and when I arrived at the Mandela Cinema I heard the first gunshots.

On moving on the highway towards Westfield and on arriving at the junction leading to the Serrekunda Market, I saw a group of paramilitary personnel equipped with riot gears, holding batons and fibre shields. Among the group I could remember seeing a very tall and dark in complexion officer with a stick and was beating a school girl in a black skirt. These paramilitary officers followed the students on that road towards Serrekunda.

I then moved to the Westfield Junction where I found a larger paramilitary group in riot gears with batons and shields. While standing there some paramilitary officers started firing in the air and then the students also started throwing stones. I also realised the diversion of the traffic from Banjul as passengers were being dropped there. Another group of students was seen coming from Kairaba Avenue when the paramilitary officers rushed towards them and the hurling of stones intensified. A live electric overhead wire dropped on the Kairaba Avenue/Serrekunda Highway and I saw a man using wood to try to remove it from where it fell. I moved towards that end and then the paramilitary chased the students into Kairaba Avenue. The throwing of stones and firing intensified as the paramilitary charged towards the students.

I then decided to walk through Kairaba Avenue up to the junction of Latrikunda near Cedar Club. There I found a military truck which had some students in it at the back. Just under the water tanks there was seen a young man arrested and who works there as a bicycle mechanic. I saw him being severely beaten and then ordered to climb into the back of the truck. Even after climbing some went up and continued beating him. The truck then left heading towards Kanifing and stopped right at the junction of the Serrekunda Police Office.

While standing there, I saw the Armed Forces Chief of Staff with a group of students coming from the Cedar Club end towards us. The students were seen raising a white flag and were chanting 'Peace! Peace! We do not want the paramilitary'. When they came up to the truck they demanded for the release of their fellow students on board the vehicle. Then they were asked to alight the truck except the young man in handcuff. The key was asked for and a policeman responded that it was with one officer who was not there. It was then that the Army Chief of Staff, upon seeing a key with this police officer, forcefully snatched it and then opened the handcuff. When the young man got down the students became so enchanted and started chanting 'Jatta! Jatta'. He continued with the students towards St. Therese's School.

When we reached St. Therese's School, we heard a big noise at the Serrekunda/Kairaba Avenue Junction end. I then went to that area and learnt that there was a scene. At the scene, I saw a safe on which a security personnel was standing and holding a gas carnister in his hand. From there, I then saw and followed the Chief of Staff and the students going back from where they came from, but then turned right into Kanifing South and then out again on the Banjul/Serrekunda Highway near the Red Cross Headquarters. While the Chief of Staff and the students were on the left main road I crossed and took the right side lane along KMC. I went up to the fence of 'Babaro' timber supply company and what was the former Chinese shop and realised a group of paramilitary personnel who were armed and standing
just after the gate of the Mobile Traffic unit.

As the students and the Army Chief of Staff moved a few metres away from the ICEMAN junction, I then heard gunshots coming from the direction of the paramilitary towards the group. Then there was stampeding as the students started running towards different directions for the safety of their lives. As they scattered the Chief of Staff too ran into the Mobile Unit. The firing continued and some of the students were running towards the direction of Red Cross, some towards ICEMAN and others still towards the side road between the Mobile Unit and the Chinese shop into New Jeshwang.

As the shooting continued, I decided to go under the verandah of this former Chinese shop to take cover. It was whilst standing there that I saw just opposite me on the main highway three bodies lying on the ground. At the bracket leading towards the paramilitary base, I also saw a boy and a girl lying down there and again another two bodies were seen over there lying on the ground very near ICEMAN. The ones very close to me on the highway could be heard screaming and blood was also seen flowing from their bodies.

After a while I did not see any of the bodies making movement except that of the girl who it appeared was hit in the hand as she was seen holding up one arm with the other while lying down on the side road. Then a little while later when firing stopped I saw Red Cross Volunteers coming to the scene to pick the bodies and at which time I got the courage to come out of the verandah under which I was standing. I went and stood under the biggest of the four trees facing the Mobile Unit base. It was there that I overheard a Red Cross Volunteer saying in Wollof Omar too has been shot. I then asked him which Omar and was told Omar Barrow. Due to my relationship with Omar Barrow I immediately rushed to the Red Cross Headquarters. And as I arrived I saw some volunteers moving him inside from the corridor of the entrance at the main gate. I tried to see him but the Volunteers at the gate insisted that no one was allowed inside. I then saw blood where he was lying and moved from.

From there, I saw a group of students moving towards the Mobile Unit Headquarters and I got out to follow then. The students were shouting that they were all prepared to die since some of their fellows have already been killed. I then came between them and the paramilitary and told them to think of something else rather than saying that they were all prepared to die. The students were in that angry mood when I then saw some security officers in white shirt and another in uniform armed charging towards the students. The one in uniform and who was armed started insulting the students and when I intervened to ask him not to display such an angry mood in such a tense situation, he retorted that I should not talk to him. And when I later asked about the identity of the officer, I was told that his name is Ceesay Njie.

I also noticed another group of senior officers, among whom I could recognise the Inspector General of Police [Rex King], the Deputy Inspector General of Police and '13 Badjie' who was dressed in a yellow type of suit. I was trying to identify who those paramilitary shooting were from the students and I learnt that one Alieu and Lamin were among. Then some of the students agreed with me and we together started pushing the others backwards towards the Westfield end. When we reached Westfield junction there again quarrel started between the students and the security forces but no one was throwing stones or firing. I then decided to go back to our Information Bureau to write a report about the incident.

On Wednesday, 12 April 2000, I was again assigned to go to the mortuary where we were told that the bodies had not been released. When I reached there I went straight to the table of the man in charge of the mortuary. One old man called Pa Sarr was responsible and to whom I introduced myself. While sitting inside there a gentleman who was identified as detective inspector came and started issuing out death certificates. I could remember seeing the father of the late three year old Abdoulie Sanyang signing a certificate from the Inspector. I also remember one Abdoulie Bojang being issued with a death certificate. Then Mr Sarr saw me writing and asked me to go out of his office. I went out and he followed me demanding that I should move by 100 metres away from the mortuary and went for a soldier to throw me
out. When the soldier came to me I insisted that I have a right to information. Afterwards two armed men were brought to the mortuary to control people. Then after Omar barrow's body was received, I decided to leave in order to attend his funeral.
Cross exmanination
Coroner: You mentioned that you saw three bodies in front of you, two near the paramilitary base and two others near ICEMAN, all in all making them seven?
Surahata: Yes.
Abdoulie Bojang: While following the Chief of Staff with the students along the route, did you at any time see him use a mobile phone either making a call or receiving a call?
Surahata : You know I was at a distance and he was being surrounded by students, I could not know.
Mr Bojang: Do you think that the life of the Chief of Staff was endangered by the students?
Surahata: Not at all. The students were happily walking along the route with him.
Coroner: Thank you for the testimony, Mr Danso.
Compiled by PK Jarju.
If you have any comments about this story, please write to papak196@yahoo.co.uk or info@allgambian.net. You can also read my blog www.pkjarju.blogspot.com.

April 10 & 11 2000 massacre: What Halifa Sallah told Jammeh

"A complex situation now prevails in the country. Tremendous maturity is necessary to hold the country together. How events will unfold depends on the possibilities we create for crisis management. The country belongs to us, but we do not share opinions on how it is to be governed. What is a fundamental task is how to maintain peaceful co-existence as each pursues one's inclination on how the country is to be governed by relying on the consent of the people; that peaceful co-existence must be based on the eschewing of democratic values.

A fundamental lesson that we can derive from the momentous events is that constitutions set the theoretical basis for principles which guarantee rights and freedoms. Governments set their own limits on the exercise of those rights and freedoms. The people impose their demands on how far to expand the democratic space to ensure that the limits set by different governments, in accordance with the degree of their commitment to democratic values and the empowerment of the people, are stretched to equate with what is established as principles.

Where the people consider their demands as inviolable and the government deems the limits set as inviolable, confrontation and social explosion must be the order of the day. In order to avert such a social explosion, the principles set for governance must be those that are reasonably justifiable in a democratic society. The people must make demands that accord with those principles and the government must not set limits that are at variance with those principles that are reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
There is absolutely no doubt that if the students were allowed to demonstrate and given a police escort, they would have been able to contain each other en route to deliver whatever petition they had to the authorities. It is, therefore, a fundamental lesson that peace and stability are best guaranteed by openness and tolerance rather than through coercive and repressive measures," this was what Halifa Sallah told President Yahya Jammeh a few hours after the April 10 2000 student demonstration.

In a letter to the Gambian leader caprioned The State of the Nation anddated April 11 2000, Mr Sallah said the events of April 10 2000, are not ordinary developments and that the whole future course that this nation is to take hinges on how we conceive the event and what we do to address the concerns emanating from them.

According to Mr Sallah, this was precisely the reason why he maintains that the fundamental flaw of the authorities was to fail to allow the students to hold a peaceful demonstration. He added that anyone with a slight understanding of the state of mind of the students would have predicted that any attempt to abort the demonstration of Monday, 10 April 2000 would lead to undesirable consequences.

As part of commemorations marking the eighth anniversary of the student massacre by Gambian security officers, we hereby reproduced the full text of mr Sallah's letter.

Please read on:

There is hardly any doubt that events of tremendous significance are developing. The very survival of the nation is at stake. Consequently, all Gambians have the national duty not to be mere spectators of events. We have a duty to be the architects of our own destiny. Needless to say, the destiny that all just Gambians yearn for is one where the life, liberty, security and dignity of each Gambian are fully secured.

What happened on Monday, 10 April 2000 is not a mere passing event. It is a seed of national discord. If it is not uprooted, the road to peaceful coexistence and peaceful transformation of society in accordance with the will of the people shall be obliterated.

The events of Monday 10, are therefore not ordinary developments. The whole future course that this nation is to take hinges on how we conceive the event and what we do to address the concerns emanating from them. It was our concern that this matter which developed after Ebrima Barry was killed will not lead to blood-letting. This is precisely the reason why we had to address our letter of 9 April to the Secretary of State for The Interior with the view to prevent the crisis from assuming larger proportions and thus making the means to resolve them more stupendous. We have had the opportunity to follow developments very closely. We even gave outlet for a student to write reports on the developments so that their views will not be subjected to any distortion. There is no doubt that the students were most tormented by the killing of Ebrima Barry and the raping of Binta Manneh.

Needless to say, the fact that action was taken after the students expressed their determination to see to it that their concerns would be addressed instilled in them cynicism regarding the seriousness of the authorities in addressing their concerns. It was the duty of the State to reclaim its integrity by drawing momentous lessons from the Brikama demonstration. It was spontane ous. No one agitated the students. They were driven to a state of deep sorrow by their empathy. Most students became identified with the suffering that Ebrima Barry went through. No human being who allows himself or herself to put on another person's shoes can fail to be moved by a mental picture of a school child carrying forty to sixty bags of cement, head shaven, cement applied on his body and some put in his mouth. The more one nurses such thoughts in one's very being, the more tormented one must become.

Apparently, the swift reaction to maintain contact with the student leadership and the promises made to address their concerns had delayed a national catastrophy. For sometime it gave the students consolation that their action would yield the desired results. Of course, there was an information lag regarding the arrest of those who allegedly killed Ebrima Barry. To all those who received the information that the alleged killers were arrested and detained and that an identification parade had taken place to facilitate the screening of those who were on active duty at the Stadium when Binta Manneh was raped by a person in uniform felt that actions were being taken in the right direction.

The breaking point seems to have started when the students insisted on holding a demonstration. Apparently, those in charge of security felt that the identification parade and the arresting of those who have allegedly killed Ebrima Barry was enough. The announcement over the air that the file of the alleged killers had been handed over to the Attorney General's Chambers and that the State will not allow students who still insisted on demonstrating to threaten the security of the State indicated very clearly that the authorities had the aim to bar the students from holding a demonstration.

It is precisely this notion that the demonstration was unjustifiable that compelled the authorities responsible for security to try to abort it either through conciliation or coercion. In our view, what the authorities sh ould have done is to question whether what the students intended to do was lawful or unlawful. What they needed to do was to draw lessons from the Brikama demonstration. This would have enabled them to understand the state of mind of the students; that they were now at a state when they felt that they could put their liberty on the line for their rights and for justice.

This was the reality. The authorities who met them at meetings could read this in their words. Letters to newspapers reflected their thinking. Nothing was hidden. Even the Department of State for the Interior could read the determination of the students to exercise their rights which led to the issuing of the press release over the weekend of 7 to 9 April. The students did not hide their intentions. No one could say that they were puppets on anybody's string. Even the student leadership was on fire for cautioning restrain when the issue of demonstration came to the fore. The demonstration seemed to have been the zenith of the expression of a passion which arose as a result of Barry's and Manneh's cases.

This is precisely the reason why we maintain that the fundamental flaw of the authorities is to fail to allow the students to hold a peaceful demonstration. Anyone with a slight understanding of the state of mind of the students would have predicted that any attempt to abort the demonstration of Monday, 10 April 2000 would lead to undesirable consequences.

The events of Monday, 10 April 2000 should, therefore, offer great lessons. We did move with speed when we heard that confrontation had started at the Gambia Technical Training Institute (GTTI). Eye witnesses called to allege that the paramilitary forces were armed and that they were opening fire on the students. We later learnt that they were using blank shots to frighten the students. Other reports indicated that some students were arrested and were being maltreated. It was reported that the security forces entered the GTTI gates to follow the students, went to the classro oms, harassed students and lecturers and that some of the students had to climb fences in order to escape.

Apparently, the students had their banners at GTTI. According to some comments from the authorities, some of the banners even mentioned "Sopi"; that this gave them an impression that the students had intentions other than to demonstrate for action on Ebrima Barry's killing or the raping of Binta Manneh. If the situation is, therefore, examined with honesty one would acknowledge that there were determined attempts to prevent the students from holding the demonstration. It was also assumed that if a firm hand was initially utilised, the students will feel threatened and disperse. It was further assumed that the utilisation of blank shots would frighten the students and make them to disperse.

The notion of quelling the demonstration with a firm hand and that the students could be frightened by using blank shots was a miscalculation. What happened at GTTI was the spark which lit the prairie fire. As soon as some students escaped from GTTI, and as soon as the people in the area heard the blank shots, the information that the paramilitary forces were openly shooting the students at point blank range and that they were using gun butts and all the forces at their disposal to suppress the students, spread with astonishing rapidity. The slogans reverberated everywhere among the students. "We want freedom; we want justice". It was incredible. Everywhere that our people went, they could see the forces of the students gathering.

Between 8.30 and 9.00 in the morning, transports heading towards Banjul were beginning to move back. This created congestion on the Brikama/Serrekunda Highway. People started to ask what was going on. The message was that the paramilitary forces were killing students. Each began to tell his or her story. Students in transports heading towards school began to alight from the transports and congregation of students could be found in many spots.

The same situation was ta king place at Kairaba Avenue as well as Bakoteh end. Students were, therefore, surging forth in a wave towards Westfield Clinic. The whole of Serrekunda started to become a battle field. Those who were selling in the streets began to remove their goods. Those who were driving cars began to find quick ways to go and park. As students moved they ordered all transports to go off the road. Those who refused had their windscreens broken. Consequently, the whole town was swept off transports. It was as if a curfew has been declared.

The paramilitary forces, therefore, came face to face with the students who were armed with rocks which were being thrown like missiles. In order to keep the paramilitary forces at bay and prevent them from having reinforcements, the students seized tyres and started heaping them on the road and then put them on fire. These burning tyres belched thick black smoke which kept reinforcement away. The paramilitary forces were surrounded in many places and totally outnumbered. They moved helter-skelter firing blank shots there to frighten the students and tear gas carnisters to disperse the students. A running battle started with students dispersing to avoid tear gas carnisters and returning again to confront the paramilitary. Some paramilitary forces would be overpowered and would decide to give up their grounds. The running battle continued as more and more students joined in. In some areas an uneasy truce remained. In other areas, security forces were outnumbered.

At a given point, it appeared that a settlement was about to take place when the GAMSU leadership spoke with the Secretary of State and the Army Chief of Staff. The student leaders went into a transport and were given loud hailers to start announcing that a settlement has been reached. Once they left, the tension built up again.

The fact that the Secretary of State and the Army Chief of Staff, guarded by less than five soldiers, could walk on foot up to Dippa Kunda without any incident tends to indicate that th ere was a possibility of a settlement through negotiation. Even the skirmish which took place between the students and the Secretary of State and the Army Chief of Staff between Dippa Kunda and Latrikunda did not prevent the students from walking with the Army Chief of Staff after initially throwing some stones which forced them to take cover. The students and the Army Chief of Staff were able to move from Latrikunda to Cedar Club on Kairaba Avenue and all the way to Kanifing School and then into Kanifing South and then come out at the Red Cross Junction and then headed towards the paramilitary camp.

Throughout this long walk, students were shouting the slogans "We want freedom; we don't want the paramilitary". The freeing of a student, who was handcuffed, by the Chief of Staff led the students to start chanting Jatta's name in unison with their slogans for freedom. However, ten metres before approaching the base of the paramilitary forces there was firing and two students fell. Once there was firing people dispersed and Jatta proceeded to enter the camp. This is what led to the rumour that he was held hostage by the students.

The fact that the students would accompany the Army Chief of Staff all the way to the paramilitary camp indicated that there was a desire for some form of settlement. The anticipation of the students was that the Army Chief of Staff was going to discuss with the paramilitary force and the students who were present and strike a settlement. The firing of life ammunition changed the course.

As the students ran, some tried to get into Gambega but the gates were closed. Others tried and rushed to take refuge at the Red Cross Headquarters. Firing continued. Apparently, this is where people like Omar Barrow, a media practitioner with Sud FM Radio Station who was working as Red Cross Volunteer, was shot. The whole incident became a very bloody affair. Pools of blood could be seen where the injured fell.

A student by the name of Ousman Jobarteh, who claimed to be a stude nt of S.E.P. lay shot in the hand and some other parts of his body close to Banjul Breweries. Another student lay just close to ICEMAN. Another dead body was near the Red Cross Headquarters. One Ebrima Dem, Lamin Jallow, Gibi Njie and John Gomez were shot. Baboucarr Kah, a student of Saint Augustine's Senior Secondary School displayed wound below the chest. A taxi driver, Abdoulie Jawara, received gun shots while on the Banjul Highway. A dead body of a person wearing blue trousers lay near the mobile traffic station. A student of Banjul Academy with a gun shot in the leg lay close to the dead body.

The Red Cross Volunteers and others began to move some of the injured to find sanctuary at the Red Cross Headquarters. On the floor at the Red Cross Headquarters, one could find many injured persons. Omar Barrow was seen lying on the floor bleeding. He was reported to have been shot while serving as a volunteer at the Red Cross.

The news of the deaths inflamed the students all the more. Students went on the rampage. They started to collect petrol and gas bottles and moved towards different directions. One could notice that the actions they were taking were just being dictated by circumstances. For example, some students wanted to act on a petrol station but listened to wise counsel when others objected. Hence, two phases of the confrontation with the security forces proved to be fatal. The first one was events at the GTTI which gave the other students who were far away from the scene the impression that their other colleagues were being shot. The second incident is near the headquarters of the paramilitary forces when real live bullets were used.

Soon after these two incidents, police station after police station were reported to be set on fire. At the Bundung Police Station, the living quarters of the police officers were in flames. The detainees in cells were released and police station was also burnt. The vehicles that were around, even those seized by the police for one traffic offence or anot her were burnt.

At Serrekunda Police Station, the residence of the police was spared, but the Station itself went into flames. At Kotu Police Station, the residence of the police was burnt to ashes. At Serrekunda Fire Station on the Brikama Highway, vehicles were burnt to ashes and all the windows smashed. All the transports found at the station were smashed. GAMTEL Westfield Booth was burnt. GAMTEL Serrekunda Market Booth was also destroyed. GAMTEL Latrikunda Sabiji Booth was also destroyed. The Serrekunda Post Office was broken into and mails scattered. The GAMTEL Customer Service Unit at the GRTS Station was also stoned. The security post at GAMTEL, Kanifing, was also stoned. NAWEC office at Latrikunda was also destroyed. The Gift Shop close to Standard Chartered Bank was also broken into and looted. Some other shops were also looted.

Fire and smoke darkened the skies as tyres put on the main road to stop traffic continued to burn. Unrest has broken out in the country. It is in fact spreading irrespective of the assurance given in the press release of April 10, 2000 from the Office of the President that the situation was under control.

On the same day, Brikama and Jangjanbureh experienced the same unrest. The Police Station in Brikama and some quarters were burnt. Transports, stores and offices were also included. The properties of the Fire Station were completely damaged.

The destruction has spread to Essau, Jangjanbureh, Brikamaba, Bansang and even Basse is under threat. A nation wide catastrophy has emerged. Where do we go from here? The State may harden its position and utilise the language, intensify the arrest and detention of students, issue threats and treat the whole issue as a security issue which has to be handled with an iron hand. This method would only be to the hardening of hearts.

Those who observed the relationship between the paramilitary and the students at close range cannot fail to realise that real hatred has built up. This was manifested in the brutali ties which became manifest. The students see the paramilitary forces as instruments of coercion instead of forces meant to safeguard their security and freedom. The paramilitary forces are also beginning to see students as rebels who do not recognise them as compatriots.

The situation is, therefore, not under control. Hatred has never been the basis for maintaining peace, security and stability. It is the basis for yearning for mutual extinction. The security forces have explained how students stoned them. Students have explained how security forces utilised batons, boots, gun butts to beat them without mercy.

A complex situation now prevails in the country. Tremendous maturity is necessary to hold the country together. How events will unfold depends on the possibilities we create for crisis management. The country belongs to us, but we do not share opinions on how it is to be governed. What is a fundamental task is how to maintain peaceful co-existence as each pursues one's inclination on how the country is to be governed by relying on the consent of the people; that peaceful co-existence must be based on the eschewing of democratic values.

A fundamental lesson that we can derive from the momentous events is that constitutions set the theoretical basis for principles which guarantee rights and freedoms. Governments set their own limits on the exercise of those rights and freedoms. The people impose their demands on how far to expand the democratic space to ensure that the limits set by different governments, in accordance with the degree of their commitment to democratic values and the empowerment of the people, are stretched to equate with what is established as principles.

Where the people consider their demands as inviolable and the government deems the limits set as inviolable, confrontation and social explosion must be the order of the day. In order to avert such a social explosion, the principles set for governance must be those that are reasonably justifiable in a democratic s ociety. The people must make demands that accord with those principles and the government must not set limits that are at variance with those principles that are reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.

There is absolutely no doubt that if the students were allowed to demonstrate and given a police escort, they would have been able to contain each other en route to deliver whatever petition they had to the authorities. It is, therefore, a fundamental lesson that peace and stability are best guaranteed by openness and tolerance rather than through coercive and repressive measures.

It goes without saying that the youth movement needs to know the distinction between the political movement and the civil rights movement. When youths favour total change of governments, it is their duty to join any political force they believe would be able to bring the type of change they desire. However, when a youth organisation is fighting for the expansion of the democratic space within which they can operate to conserve their rights and freedoms, they must establish their strategic objectives very clearly so that they will be able to state their demands concretely and pursue them collectively without losing sight of their fundamental aims and objectives. They must always allow their mission to be guided by a clear vision of what they really want.

Lives have been lost and properties destroyed. Live bullets have been utilised which connotes war, for only enemies reserve the use of the means to kill in order to confront each other. The paramilitary forces, the police and other forces continue to claim that the students treated them as enemies instead of compatriots. They fail to realise that the situation is their real enemy. When one is placed in the midst of students with a baton or a whip, a tear gas carnister and a gun to suppress them, stones flying like missiles could put one in a life threatening situation. One may be tempted to use whips, tear gas carnisters and even kill. The real solution is for such a situation of confrontation not to be created in the first place by policy makers. No one on earth can condone the use of live bullets to suppress students without guns. The fact that the students did not fire any live ammunition is precisely the reason why no one has heard the death of a security officer. Of course, everybody expects that stones would cause injuries just as batons cause injuries. Live bullets, however, cause death. This is why 12 people are now considered dead.

By 5.00 p.m. on Monday, 10 April, 2000, 77 people had reported one form of injury or another at the Serrekunda Health Centre. Some were treated and left to go while many were referred to the Royal Victoria Hospital. At Ward 8 & 3 of the RVH, we met 8 people who were seriously injured. At the Intensive Care Unit of the RVH, there were about 12 young people. More were still coming. A young man was there with a bullet in his head. He may have been among the 12 people who are officially confirmed dead.

State officials should not shield themselves from such gruesome realities. The conscience of the nation must be kept alive. The day that the conscience of this nation is dead, the country will be transformed into a jungle and we, her citizens, into beasts who will feed on each other's carcass. That day can be near or far. It depends on our individual commitment or lack of commitment to the values which make us human and democratic.

We must all become outraged with what has happened and make it our commitment never to allow it to happen again. We must do more than that. We must begin a process of healing the wounds. We must stop looking for scapegoats and face the reality squarely. Once disorder starts, many elements are bound to exploit it. Some who are opposed to a government may clap for students. Others who want to loot may encourage them to destroy certain facilities and so on and so forth. The principal reason for destroying State property is simply transferring anger. When anger rules the heart, vengeance becomes a way of giving it an outlet.

Many parents are still standing near police stations to find out what had happened to their children. Many of them are still detained. It is important to bear in mind that this is not a war situation and no state of emergency exists. Under normal circumstance, within three hours after their detention, a person should be given reason for one's detention and should be allowed access to a legal practitioner. Within 72 hours, one should be taken before a court or released. Under all circumstances, arbitrary detention is impermissible. Many of the children detained are students. They need special treatment.

It is, therefore, absolutely essential to convene a committee of respectable elders and take them to the places of detention of the students so that they will be able to confirm that they are neither being tortured or harassed. They should be spoken to and released with immediacy. The country must not be allowed to sink into arbitrariness if the government does not want things to deteriorate. The committee could also seek the expertise that could quantify all the losses incurred by the police officers and other citizens and give a report to the State for action to redress the situation.

Furthermore, the names of those who died should be made public. Autopsy should be carried out to determine the cause of death. Parents have been going close to the mortuary without gaining access to the bodies. This is the second day. It is essential for the government to do everything with speed so that those who are to be buried would be paid the respect due without delay. It is already heart wrecking to receive news of the death of a loved one. Such a family should be saved from any bureaucratic obstacles which lead to more frustrations.

Armed men are still going into some compounds to arrest people. This is creating a lot of panic in certain areas. It is important for the government to eliminate this militarization of civil society and ensure that this crisis is not expanded by antagonising the citizenry. What is required is a containment of the crisis; not its escalation. Government should set up a Coroner's Inquest to find out how those who died met their death and take all necessary actions to ensure that life is not
taken with impunity.

Finally, the radio and the television should be opened up for the expression of views by the citizens of this country so that through the different positions expressed our collective awareness would be raised and peaceful existence based on democratic and human values restored. We will be making all the moves necessary to ensure that the cause of justice is not derailed and that Gambians do not nurture the type of callousness that can make revenge to be the order of the day. We must not allow our minds to be dispossessed of rationality; our hearts to be dispossessed of justice and our very being to be dispossessed of conscience. This is the only way that we can prevent spreading mischief on
the face of the earth.

While anticipating your due regard of the concerns raised,

We remain,

Your sincerely,
Halifa Sallah

The Big Lie

When Gambian students took to the streets on April 10 and 11 2000 in protest of the alleged murder of Ebrima Barry and the rape of a Brikamaba school girl, the Gambia Government immediately started accusing them of being used by some opponents of the regime to stage the demonstration.

The vice president, Isatou Njie-Saidy and former secretary of state for the Interior, Ousman Badjie, went further to say on national radio and television that the shooting, which led to the death of over a dozen demonstrators started from within the demonstrators themselves since the security forces deployed to quell the demonstrators only had blank ammunition, tear gas, batons and shields at the time.

Many opposition supporters mainly from the United Democratic Party (UDP) were arrested and detained at various police stations across the country. Among them was the late Buba Samura, National Assembly Member for Kiang East. Samura was arrested in Brikama before being whisked to the NIA headquarters in Banjul. He was accused of inciting the demonstrations in Brikama, an allegation he described as rubbish. Armed soldiers were also reported to have arrested and mistreated UDP supporters in Bakau, Farafenni, Jangjanbureh among others.

Looking back at the incident, I have realised that the Jammeh regime was not honest to the public. The authorities knew about the demonstration since April 7 2000 and the killing of innocent Gambian children and wanton destruction to public and private properties could have been averted if they had acted responsibly. Instead they relied on force to serve as a deterrent to future demonstrations. They have the blood of these innocent souls on their hands and as we commemorate the eight anniversary of the massacre, I call on all Gambians to join my campaign for justice to the victims and their families.

We have to speak out. The parents of these young children are crying for justice every day and night. They still cry any time they see pictures of their children. These parents have been failed by the government as we would also fail them too if we continue to ignore their silence cries for justice. SO THINK!

In this edition of PK's Beef, I have decided to reproduce the speech delivered to the nation by Vice President Njie-Saidy, Gamsu's explanation to what led to April 10, the late Deyda Hydara's reaction to Isatou Njie-Saidy and President Jammeh's address to the nation upon his return from the G-77 South Summit for the benefit of all.

Statement by Vice President Isatou Njie Saidy

Fellow Gambians, Following the unfortunate incident of last Monday in which our school children led by Gamsu and other unscrupulous people in the society decided to wreak havoc on the whole country, on behalf of His Excellency, The President, Government and people of the Gambia, I wish to express our deepest and heartfelt sympathy and condolence to the parents and families of the dead and wounded.

It is indeed very sad and regrettable that within a period of three years, students have decided to go on the rampage for the fourth time causing untold damage and loss of property, and in this instance loss of lives. Contrary to the erroneous belief that the shooting started from the security forces on the ground, it is confirmed that in fact the shooting started from within the demonstrators, since the security forces only had blank am munitions, tear gas, batons and shields at the time. I also wish to assure you of Government's concern and primary duty to maintain the peace and stability of the country in the interest and welfare of the entire population, and for the development of The Gambia as nation.

It must be understood that a fundamental condition for development in any country is that an atmosphere of security and stability is maintained by the state. It is only when potential instability is checked and brought under firm control, and the security environment has become stable, that development programmes can be carried out and the general welfare of the people ensured.

You are all aware that within the last five years, this government has invested substantially in education, health, agriculture and other sectors of the economy. We are all living witnesses to the massive expansion of educational infrastructure and services at all levels throughout the country, including the establishment of a university for the first time, where most of the students enjoy full scholarship. This has been made possible through the support of both public and private institutions and individuals, including the establishment of an Educational Trust Fund under the Office of The President.

The parastatal institutions, in particular the Gambia Telecommunications Company Ltd. (Gamtel), have contributed immense resources towards the education of a significant number of students at all strata of the society. In fact the board of directors of Gamtel has recently approved an increase of 40% on their education fund.Despite all this sacrifice from Government and the parastatals, it is indeed very disheartening that the students led by Gamsu and other unscrupulous people have wilfully carried out such massive destruction of useful facilities, thus depriving everyone of their essential services.

Fellow Gambians, I wish to appeal to all, particularly community and religious leaders during this period of grief and sorrow, to offer prayers for the deceased and the speedy recovery of the injured. Let us also pray for peace and reconciliation, and embark on a healing process to enhance our cherished virtues of tolerance and peaceful co-existence that The Gambia has always been renowned for. In the same vein, we wish to urge the media to engage in objective reporting during this difficult and trying period.

Finally, as mentioned in our previous press release of Tuesday, 11 April 2000, the unfortunate death of Ebrima Barry has been given all the attention and urgency it deserves, by the department of state for Justice. Let me reiterate that investigations have been completed, the suspects interrogated are presently remanded in custody. The case has been registered in court and the due process of the law will be observed.Once again, I wish to appeal to the general public and Gambians in particular, to re-orientate our thinking and behaviour towards patriotism and sense of belonging.
I thank you all for your attention.

Gamsu's explanation

In his affidavit in support of the application to the High Court to release 20 detained students, Alieu Darboe, president of the University Students' Union gave a version as to what led to the events of 10 April 2000.

I ALIEU DARBOE, of Kanifing KSMD, a student, of Gambian Nationality make oath and say as follows:

1. I am the deponent herein and a member of Gambia Student Association.

2. I am the President of the University of The Gambia Students Union which is a sub-union of the Applicant (Gambia Student Association), and as such President I am an honorary executive member of the Applicant.

3. I am aware by virtue of my membership in the Gambia Student Association that the applicant was lawfully registered as a charitable organisation under the Companies Act Cap. 95.01 of The laws of The Gambia, and issued with a Certificate of Incorporation No. 264/1992.

4. I am aware that the applicant had organised a peaceful demonstration by its members to petition the Government of The Gambia for redress of their grievances over the death of one Ebrima Barry and the raping of one Binta Manneh, all acts believed to have been committed by security officers of the State.

5. The said demonstration was to have taken place on 10th April 2000 and students were to converge at the gate of Gambia Technical Training Institute at kanifing for the procession.

6. On 9th April, 2000 the executive of the applicant held a meeting at St. Therese's Middle School at Kanifing in which I was present. At the said meeting one Alieu Khan, the President of Gambia College Sub-Union, informed us that the Secretary of State for Local Government and Religious Affairs, Retired Captain Lamin Kaba Bajo informed him that he heard the applicant was planning a demonstration. The said Secretary of State told Alieu Khan that he was going to arrange a meeting for some members of the applicants Executive Committee to meet the Vice President and some Secretaries of State in order to find a peaceful solution to the crisis over the death of Ebrima Barry and the raping of Binta Manneh.

7. The meeting that Retired Captain lamin Kaba Bajo was arranged was for 10th April, 2000 the day appointed for the peaceful demonstration.

8. The meeting requested Alieu Khan to ask Retired Captain Lamin Kaba Bajo to send a motor vehicle to pick up the members who were selected to attend the proposed meeting. The venue for pick up was to be at the gate of Gambia Technical Training Institute.

9. It was agreed that we explore the possibility of dialogue with State authorities and report back to all members.

10. It was further agreed that we postpone demonstration pending the outcome of the meeting with the State authorities which would then determine our
future action as an association.

11. It was already late in the day to contact students, and we agreed to converge at the gate of Gambia Technical Training institute as earlier communicated to members of the applicant and to inform them of the new
development. It was agreed that we ask them to wait for us to go to the said meeting and give them a feed back after the meeting.

12. On 10th April, 2000 whilst converging opposite Gambia Technical Training Institute the paramilitary officers arrived in battle gears. One of them held a hand public address system and immediately announced that all students were to disperse. This was certainly not what we expected after Retired Captain Lamin Bajo's proposal was accepted and communicated to him.

13. The executive members of the applicant and myself told students not to disperse but to keep off the road and remain calm.

14. I saw the same paramilitary officer who made the announcement use his mobile telephone after which i saw him talk to the other paramilitary officers who were immediately galvanised into activity. They attacked
students beating them with batons and there was utter chaos.

15, I saw Omar Joof, the President of the applicant and Baboucarr Jonga, the External Relations Officer of the applicant arrested by the paramilitary. I was also arrested together with one Alajie Darboe, the Vice President of the applicant.

16. We were taken to the paramilitary base at Kanifing which was next door to the Police Mobile Traffic office, where we were detained together with other students. Whilst in detention all students at the said paramilitary base were beaten and kicked all over our bodies.

17. Whilst in detention the Secretary of State for Interior, Ousman Badjie, visited us and told us that he believed we were being used by some elements which Mr Omar Joof vehemently denied. Ousman Badjie then ordered our release and informed Omar Joof, Baboucarr Jonga, Alajie Darboe and myself to go with him to the meeting at the office of the Vice president. I then realised that Retired Captain Lamin Bajo had indeed arranged the meeting.

18. On our way out we heard sporadic gun shots; we saw a thick smoke and people running helter skelter.

19. The Secretary of State for Interior requested us as members of the applicant association to address students and ask them to remain calm, our efforts failed because security officers were firing at students who were in turn hurling stones at them and some made barricades on the highway to stop the security officers from advancing.

20. I am aware that no student was armed; I am also aware that the members of the applicant did not have access to arms and ammunition. Students only had stones which they picked on the road.

21. I am aware that there was no demonstration since the demonstration itself was postponed pending our meeting with the Vice President and Secretaries of State.

22. Omar Joof, Baboucarr Jonga, Alajie Darboe and I requested the Secretary of State for Interior to ask the paramilitary officers to stop firing and to retreat, the said Secretary of State retorted that the order had already been given and he was unable to stop them.

23. We never made it to the meeting and the confrontation between the security forces and students continued.

24. I am aware, and this was confirmed by the State media, that students have been arrested nation wide and some died in the commotion; others seriously injured; some hospitalised, and some still detained.

25. I have been advised by Counsel Hawa Sisay Sabally and I verily believe that students have not been formally charged before any court for any offences relating to the events of 10th April, 2000 and 11th April, 2000.

26. I am aware that Pa Alasan Ceesay, Sainabou Gaye, Lamin Jobe, Alhagi Camara, Ebrima Daffeh, Abdou Sonko and the persons listed in the schedule attached to the originating summons of the applicant are all students who are members of the applicant association who have been arrested and are currently detained by the respondents.

27. The applicant is now aware of the arrest and detention of any security officer or Government agents or servants for their role in the events of 10th and 11th April 2000.

28. The applicant is not aware of the arrest and detention of any security officer or Government agents or servants for their role in the events of 10th and 11th April 2000.

29. I believe these detained students are being held incommunicado and have not been given access to counsel.

30. I believe the healing process can only begin when all students are released and reunited with their families and friends.

31. I verily believe that the continued detention of these named students and any other student for that matter will prejudice the Coroner's Inquest and any proposed inquiry since all these students are potential witnesses. I make these statements to the best of my knowledge, information and belief.


Deyda Hydara's reaction to VP Njie-Saidy

We Want Peace, But...

The statements by Vice President Isatou Njie-Saidy and Interior Secretary Ousman Badjie called for an analysis.

In the case of the Secretary for the Interior, his statements over the Radio and the TV are different. According to the Radio Gambia report, Badjie stated that the security forces only used rubber bullets and tear gas. In the interview over the TV, he stated that they used blanc ammunition, tear gas, batons.

Now, rubber bullets at close range kill, so the use of rubber bullets could have caused death.Badjie also said intelligence information revealed that armed civilians were within the ranks of the demonstrators. If that was the case, then how many members of the security forces were shot by these people? Better still, were any of the armed men identified or arrested since they were located by intelligence operatives?

Now, we would not bother to join the speculation on the suggested identity of such people, which is rampant in town, for want of proof. But we need to know whether the intelligence men, that identified them, just stood by and allowed them to go scot free thereby failing in their real national security responsibility.

If that was the case, then those are the real threat to national security, and not the students! If those people were on the scene and located, they should have been the primary concern and focus of the security, and a special group should have been assigned the role to round them up.

Our sister, the Vice President said the shooting started from within the demonstrators. In both Badjie's and Njie-Saidy's accounts, the point made seems to indicate that these people were firing at the forces. Mrs. Njie-Sady's account clearly denotes that the shooting started from their end. The question is - was it because these people were firing at them, that the security retaliated using live ammunition in addition to the rubber bullets?

And were any gunmen hit, as was the case with several students? Or are we to believe that the gunmen (apparently enemies of the law, as former detainees, as said last night on TV and potential enemies of the state which jailed them) shot at the students while moving among them, and none of the student attempted to run away from them?

Or for those shot, were they shot from the back and, if so, what explains the reported frontal injuries suffered by the victims.Is it a case of being between two fires - with the obvious picture for all to visualise.

It is an open secret that these two statements and pronouncements did not go down well with the public, as verified in transport vehicles, public gatherings (funerals), markets and mosques surroundings. As we said in our last issue, the failure to avert the tragedy lies squarely on the shoulders of the government, and it has to assume full responsibility for what happened.

Hundreds of onlookers saw who did what. The truth must be accepted and said. When a young man is brought to a police station for stealing, his parents bear the brunt of insults and abuses from the police who place the responsibility for such a disposition on their shoulders, although they did not actually commit the felony themselves (No amalgamation please, a constitutional right for demonstration is different from stealing).

The same applies in this case - the government is the mother and father of the security forces. If the government, through its agents fails to protect lives, properties and maintain peace and security at one point in time, it must be courageous enough to accept that it is unable to govern; thus it must assume full responsibility for any situation that arises.

The need for peace and stability must be understood by government as a sincere effort to address the concerns and aspirations of the people. If concerns are not addressed, if issues are not resolved, and if no apparent moves are made openly to allow everybody and aggrieved parties to see that the principles of good governance and the rule of law are observed, resentment, discord and clashes are bound to happen. In order words, it is the government that should lay the foundation for peace and stability in the first place, by creating the necessary conducive environment.

On media objectivity, let us tell our sister and her colleagues that just by associating her in this piece, we are abiding by the requirement for journalistic objectivity. By hinting that a number of people should resign, we did not exclude our sister nor our brother Badjie: meaning that the principles of objectivity were observed. The objectivity of the journalist entails that he/she distances herself from the people or events he/she is observing (people here, are people you normally know and interact with).

And we cannot be accused of not having condemned in the most vehement terms the destruction of properties. We re-iterate our call for all responsibilities to be situated through a credible independent enquiry, for, that, and only that, could appease the wounded people. We subscribe to Peace with a capital P, but not to the "Peace by Force" slogan that some of the security forces were heard shouting to the boys and girls. For "peace by force" can only be the best recipe for disruption of the peace, for conflict and instablity!

Concerning the abuses "stupid, crazy Deyda" and the death threats, we respond that as documented, in 1994, when it was "hotter" and more dangerous as early as September, we offered our life to The Gambia. The situation is still the same, for as a journalist, we're obliged to place our responsibility to the people above and beyond loyalty to anything else. As for the threats:

Yes, a bullet comes with a frightening speed, pierces your skin, enters and explodes in your body's horizontal extremity. Small boys and girls endured it, so why not us? We are no better than them. As for the fire, it is true that it consumes you in a horrible manner. But ....you land in Heaven. So what?


Jammeh's address to the nation on the student's demonstration

BISI - MILLAHI ARAHMANI

Fellow citizens
My task today is indeed a very difficult one, as it is with the deepest feeling ever of immense distress and utmost grief that I address the nation on the unfortunate and tragic students's demonstrations that occured last Monday and Tuesday. On these two dark days in our country's history, this nation suffered irreparable loss of lives and incalculable damage to properties. Most regretable is the untimely death of 12 young people and the large number of wounded.

I therefore wish to take this sad occasion to join each and every one of you, on behalf of the Government and people of the Gambia and that of my family, to extend deepest condolences and heartfelt sympathy to bereaved parents, families, relatives, friends, classmates and loved ones of our departed children. Let us all pray that the Alminghty Allah receives their souls and grant them eternal rest. Les us also pray for the sick and wounded, to recieve Allah's speedy healing and recovery.

We must offer prayes also for the breaved and the nation, to be comforted, to have faith and courage to sustain their loss. As we remember and commit those we love deeply in Allah's care, I am hereby declaring one week of mourning, during which all flags in the country will be flown at half mast in loving memory and respect for the dead.

Fellow Gambians
I want us all to put this sad and unprecedented incident into its proper perspective, to reflect and investigate into the causes and to draw useful lessons from the experience. While I was in Cuba attending the G 77- South Summit, I have been constantly working with the government on the evolution of the situation on the ground.

Everyone will agree that the primary duty of any government is to ensure that peace and stability prevails in a country, safeguard the rights of everyone to life and property, and guarantee freedom and justice without fear or favour. My Government will therefore conduct a full investigation into the events of the 10th and 11th April 2000. In the investigations, no stone will be left unturned in our search for the truth. Concurrently, a coroner inquest will be held on the cause of the 12 young people who lost their lives in this unfortunate incident.

Fellow Gambians

In the days that lie ahead, I will be counting on all Gambians, religious leaders, leaders of conscience to held bring back the peace and stability that has enabled us to help neighbouring countries to avert the dangers of internal conflict and strife. We want to build a society whose youth will be proud of the educational infrastructure and facilities that have been made available to them. This will enable us to build on these foundations which will continue to make The Gambia a haven of peace and stability in the sub-region and Africa at large. These are certainly some of the essential pre-conditions for attaining our Vision 2020.

I thank you all for you attention and pray that the Almighty Allah continue to shower His peace and blessing on the bereaved, the wounded and the country as a whole.

ASSALAMU ALAIKUM WARAH MATULLAHI WABARA KATUHU